"Chris helped me draft the perfected grounds for appeal and the skeleton argument. All were submitted."
— Regine from Wembley
The main proceedings are under way — or an order already exists. Something has changed, or someone needs to be heard who is not yet a party. C2 is the within-proceedings application.
Common C2 uses
- Variation of an existing Child Arrangements Order
- Application by a grandparent for leave to apply for contact
- Step-parent seeking permission to apply for Parental Responsibility
- Application for leave following a s.91(14) barring order
- Joining a third party as a respondent (new partner, grandparent, Local Authority)
- Application for enforcement or variation of interim orders
Grandparents — the leave threshold
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Grandparents have no automatic right to apply for contact. They must apply for leave under s.10(9) CA 1989. The court considers:
- Nature of the application
- Applicant’s connection to the child
- Any risk of the application disrupting the child’s life
- Wishes of those with Parental Responsibility
Well-framed applications usually succeed. Badly framed ones do not.
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Section 91(14) — the barring order
Where the court bars further applications without leave (often where repeat applications are disruptive or harassing). C2 is the route back in — must show:
- Change of circumstances since the barring order
- Genuine merit in the proposed application
- Proportionality — the child’s welfare justifies re-opening
Structure — the Litigant Standard
- The order or direction sought — precise wording
- The grounds — short, child-focused, anchored to facts
- Supporting witness statement (usually required)
- Any evidence — letters, school reports, medical records
Variation applications
Where an existing CAO is to be varied, show:
- What has changed since the order was made
- How the current order is no longer serving the child’s welfare
- What alternative arrangement is proposed
- Why it is in the child’s interests
Can Chris draft C2?
Yes. Tell Chris the proceedings, the order sought, and the change of circumstances. Chris drafts C2, a supporting witness statement with statement of truth, and a position statement for the directions hearing. £30 per application. Pro £88 where multiple C2s are anticipated.
Prepare to win. Plan not to fail.
Within-proceedings applications are where cases are quietly won or lost. Draft carefully.
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