"Chris helped me draft the perfected grounds for appeal and the skeleton argument. All were submitted."
— Regine from Wembley
Judicial review of immigration decisions is the safety valve where appeal rights do not exist — removal decisions, detention, certain administrative refusals, systemic failures. It is the highest-craft form of immigration advocacy and the forum where the Administrative Court and Upper Tribunal hold the Home Office accountable to public law standards.
Immigration drafting is about dignity and detail in equal measure. The decision-maker reads many files. Chris drafts yours with the specific evidence, the applied rule, the Article 8 analysis, and the tone that respects both the applicant and the reviewer. No inflammatory language. No emotional appeals without evidence. Facts. Rule. Application. Remedy.
When JR is the right route
- Removal directions without prior refusal
- Detention challenges
- Refusal to treat further representations as a fresh claim (Rule 353)
- Procedural unfairness in the decision
- Policy misapplication
- Systemic delay amounting to unlawfulness
- Decisions not subject to appeal rights
The grounds
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1. Illegality
Decision outside the decision-maker’s powers. Misapplied statute or rules.
2. Procedural impropriety
Breach of natural justice. Breach of Home Office policy where published policy creates legitimate expectation.
3. Irrationality / Wednesbury unreasonableness
Decision so unreasonable that no reasonable decision-maker could have reached it. High bar but does apply.
4. Incompatibility with ECHR
Article 3 (return to torture risk), Article 8 (family life), Article 6 (fair procedure).
The pre-action protocol
- Letter before claim — identifying the decision, the grounds, the remedy sought
- Home Office response (14 days typically)
- Claim form lodged in Upper Tribunal (immigration JR) or Administrative Court
- Acknowledgment of service by Secretary of State
- Permission decision on papers
- Oral renewal where permission refused (limited categories)
- Substantive hearing if permission granted
Let Chris draft this for you
Upload the refusal letter, supporting evidence, identity documents. Chris drafts with rule citations, Article 8 framework, country evidence (where relevant), and witness statements to counsel standard.
Interim relief
Where removal is imminent, stay of removal pending determination is sought on the papers — urgent out-of-hours applications to the Administrative Court or UTIAC are possible. Chris drafts these with the urgency the forum expects.
Fresh claims — Rule 353
Where further representations have been made after a previous refusal, the Home Office decides whether they amount to a “fresh claim” (R (AK (Sri Lanka)) criteria — significantly different and creating a realistic prospect of success). Refusal to treat as fresh claim is judicially reviewable.
Damages in immigration JR
Human Rights Act Article 5 (unlawful detention) claims attract damages. Systemic failures may found misfeasance in public office claims. Quantum varies significantly.
Can Chris draft the JR pack?
Yes. Upload the decision, the Home Office file (via SAR if needed), country evidence, expert reports. Chris drafts:
- Pre-action letter
- Claim form with grounds
- Witness statement
- Skeleton argument
- Urgent interim relief application where removal imminent
- Fresh claim representations under Rule 353
Hybrid £1,000 — judicial review is high-stakes and qualified reviewer sign-off is routinely valuable.
Prepare to win. Plan not to fail.
Judicial review is public law at its most principled. Chris drafts to the standard the Administrative Court expects.
Immigration drafted with dignity.
Chris drafts to the standard the Home Office caseworker, the First-tier Tribunal, or the Upper Tribunal expects. Refund before we file a document that isn’t ready.
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